Mipikisano wosanjikiza kuwomba kuwombaamamanga khoma la chidebe kuchokera ku zigawo ziwiri za pulasitiki, aliyense akugwira ntchito yosiyana - chotchinga chotchinga kuti atseke mpweya kapena mpweya wamafuta, phata lokonzedwanso kuti lichepetse mtengo, zikopa za namwali kuti zikhale zoyera. Amalumikizidwa pamodzi kudzera mumutu umodzi wakufa, kotero kuti khomalo limatuluka mosasunthika komanso losakanikirana. Mumachifuna pamene chinthu chimodzi sichingathe kuchita chilichonse: thanki yamafuta yomwe siyenera kutulutsa nthunzi, botolo lamadzi lomwe limayenera kusunga mpweya kwa chaka chimodzi, chidebe chomwe chiyenera kugunda zomwe zakonzedwanso popanda kuwononga zomwe zili mkati. Makina a Kinggle's KGH opindika-mkono amayendetsa magawo 1 mpaka 6 pamitsuko kuyambira malita 5 mpaka 30.
Mabotolo ambiri apulasitiki ndi chinthu chimodzi, khoma limodzi, lopangidwa. Finyani HDPE kudzera mu kufa, kuliphulitsa, tulutsani. Zosavuta, zotsika mtengo, komanso zoyenera pazotengera zambiri. Koma zinthu zina zimapempha pulasitiki imodzi yomwe siingathe kupereka. Ndipo ndipamene ma multilayer amabwera.
Timapeza ogula ambiri omwe auzidwa kuti akufunika "co-extrusion" kapena "makina osanjikiza asanu ndi limodzi" ndipo sadziwa kuti amawagula chiyani - kapena akugulitsidwa. Ndiye nayi mtundu wamba: zomwe zigawozo zimachita, zikafunika, komanso mukakhala bwino kukhala wosanjikiza.
Kodi "Mipikisano wosanjikiza" kwenikweni amatanthauza pa fakitale pansi
Single-wosanjikiza ndi extruder kudyetsa mutu kufa ndi chuma chimodzi. Mipikisano wosanjikiza ndi ma extruder angapo - iliyonse imasungunula utomoni wosiyana pa kutentha kwake - zonse zimadyetsa imodzi.co-extrusion kufa mutu. Mkati mwa mutuwo, mitsinje yosungunula yosiyanayo imasanjikizidwa m'magulu okhazikika, kotero kuti tchalitchicho chimatsika kale. Kenako imawomba ndendende ngati parishi ina iliyonse.
Ganizirani ngati plywood, kupatula zigawozo zimapangidwira ndikuphatikizidwa mukuwombera kamodzi m'malo momatira ngati mapepala. Ndipo mawu awiri omwe mumve - "multi-layer" ndi "co-extrusion" - amafotokoza chinthu chomwecho kuchokera kumalekezero osiyanasiyana. Co-extrusion ndi njira; Mipikisano wosanjikiza ndiye chotsatira.
Ziwerengero zamagulu nthawi zambiri zimatera pa 2, 3, 5, kapena 6, ndipo nambala iliyonse imakhala ndi chifukwa chake. Ife tifika kwa izo. Choyamba, zigawo zokha.
Chimene gulu lirilonse liri kwenikweni
Chotchinga chosanjikiza - chifukwa chake pali ntchito zambiri zosanjikiza zambiri
Plain HDPE ndi PET ndi zabwino pa zinthu zambiri, koma zimakhala zochepa kwambiri ndi mpweya pakapita nthawi. Kwa mankhwala ambiri, amene amasamala. Kwa ena, ndi mpira wonse. Mpweya wa okosijeni umawononga chakudya. Nthunzi yamafuta yomwe ikutuluka mu thanki imaphwanya malamulo otulutsa mpweya ndipo ndi vuto lachitetezo. Chosungunulira chowuma pang'onopang'ono chimadutsa pakhoma chomwe sichimakonda.
Ndicho chimene chotchinga wosanjikiza chimakonza.EVOH(ethylene vinyl alcohol) ndiye muyezo wagolide wotsekereza mpweya ndi ma hydrocarbon;PA(nayiloni) ndiye chisankho china chofala. Nayi nsomba zomwe zimakwezera anthu: EVOH ndiyokwera mtengo, ndipo imadana ndi chinyezi - chinyontho chimawononga magwiridwe ake otchinga. Kotero inu simumaziyika izo pamwamba. Mumakwirira pakati, sliver ya millimeter yokhuthala, yotetezedwa kumbali zonse ziwiri. Chowonda cha EVOH pachimake chimalepheretsa; HDPE yotsika mtengo imapanga kuchuluka kwa khoma. Chosanjikiza chaching'ono, chachikulu.
The zobwezerezedwanso / regrind wosanjikiza - mtengo ndi PPWR
Mzere uliwonse wowomba umatulutsa chepetsa - zinyalala zotsina pamwamba ndi mchira wa gawo lililonse. Pogaya ndipo muli ndi zinthu zabwino kwambiri, osati zakuthupi zomwe mukufuna kukhudza chinthucho kapena kuwonetsa kunja. Kotero inu kudyetsa izo mmbuyo monga kukwiriridwa wosanjikiza pakati. Kulowetsa kwaulere, palibe kunyengerera pamawonekedwe ofunikira.
Chinyengo chomwechi chimagwiranso ntchito zobwezeredwa pambuyo pa ogula. Sandwich PCR resin pachimake, sungani pulasitiki ya chakudya cha namwali mkati ndi kunja kwa zikopa, ndipo mutha kugunda zomwe zasinthidwanso - kuphatikiza malire a EU omwe tidalemba mu gawo lathu lotsata PPWR - popanda zinthu zobwezerezedwanso kukhudzana ndi zomwe zili mkati mwa botolo. Pazinthu zambiri zomwe zikuthamangitsa 2030 PCR, magulu angapo ndiye njira yoyera kwambiri yomwe ilipo.
Mangani zigawo - zomwe aliyense amaiwala
Tsopano gawo lomwe limagwira ogula pamene akudula ntchito. EVOH ndi nayiloni sizimalumikizana ndi polyethylene. Ziyikeni mbali ndi mbali ndipo zidzasungunuka - zigawozo zimang'ambika ngati laminate yasokonekera, ndipo gawolo lawonongeka.
Chifukwa chake pakati pa zida zilizonse zomwe sizingamamatire, muyenera atayi wosanjikiza: utomoni wopyapyala womatira womwe umagwira mbali zonse ziwiri. Ichi ndichifukwa chake thanki yamafuta "osanjikiza zisanu ndi chimodzi" imakhala yakunja kwa HDPE, regrind, tayi, chotchinga, tayi, HDPE yamkati. Ma tayi nawonso ndi osanjikiza. Zisiyeni mu dongosolo lanu ndipo mwina muli ndi gawo lomwe likuphwanyidwa kapena chiwerengero chosanjikiza chomwe sichimawonjezera. Iwo sali osankha, ndipo ndi chinthu chenicheni cha mzere.
Kumene magulu ambiri amapeza mtengo wake
Matanki amafuta azigalimoto (zosanjikiza zisanu ndi chimodzi)
Uwu ndiye nkhani yamabuku. Tanki yamafuta apulasitiki singalole kuti mpweya wa hydrocarbon udutse khoma lake - malamulo otulutsa mpweya salola, ndipo ndi nkhani yachitetezo. Kumanga kokhazikika ndi kapangidwe ka HDPE, regrind wosanjikiza, tayi wosanjikiza, chotchinga cha EVOH, chotchinga china, ndi chosanjikiza chamkati cha HDPE. Zigawo zisanu ndi chimodzi, ndi EVOH ikuchita kutsekereza kutsekereza ndikumangirira masangweji pamodzi. Kabukhu la Kinggle limatchula matanki amafuta pansi pazigawo zamagalimoto, ndipo akasinja ndi ofanana ndendende ndi gawo lolemera, lofunikira lomwe makina opindika amkono amapangidwira kuti apange.
Zakudya, zakumwa ndi zodzikongoletsera
Ketchup, msuzi, kapena botolo la madzi lomwe limayenera kukhala pashelefu kwa chaka limafunikira chotchinga cha okosijeni, kapena zomwe zili mkati mwake zimakhala ndi okosijeni ndikuwononga. Khoma la magawo atatu (namwali / chotchinga / namwali) kapena nyumba yonse yokhala ndi magawo asanu imagwira izi. Zodzoladzola zimafikanso pazifukwa zambiri pazifukwa zinanso - khungu lakunja lachikuda kapena la ngale pamwamba pa wosanjikiza wina wamkati, kapena "mzere wowoneka bwino" wotuluka m'mbali mwa botolo lowoneka bwino kuti wogwiritsa ntchito awone kuchuluka kwa zomwe zatsala. Mzere umene uli mu botolo lanu la zotsukira? Co-extruded.
Agrochemical ndi m'nyumba-mankhwala muli
Mankhwala aukali opha tizilombo kapena zosungunulira zimatha kulowa kapena kupsinjika-kuphwanya khoma la HDPE pakatha miyezi yosungidwa. Chotchinga kapena fluorinated wosanjikiza amagula kukana mankhwala ndi alumali moyo, chifukwa chake zambiri agrochemical ma CD ndi Mipikisano wosanjikiza osati limodzi. Mabotolo a tsiku ndi tsiku amankhwala ndi agrochemical amakhala mkati momwe Kinggle akuyikamo - mabanja omwewo omwe makina ang'onoang'ono opindika amayendetsa tsiku lonse.
Ndiye mumafuna zigawo zingati?
Zigawo zambiri zimatanthawuza zowonjezera zowonjezera, zotsika mtengo, ndi zina zambiri kuti muyimbe. Nambala yoyenera ndi yochepa kwambiri yomwe imagwira ntchitoyo - osati ogulitsa kwambiri omwe angakugulitseni. Pafupifupi:
| Zigawo | Kugwiritsa ntchito mwachizolowezi | Chifukwa chiyani? |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Madzi, zotsukira zambiri, zitini za jerry | Chinthu chimodzi chimachita zonse zofunika |
| 2–3 | Gwiraninso kugwiritsidwanso ntchito, kugawanika kwa mtundu/mawonekedwe, zotchinga zowala | Bisani maziko obwezerezedwanso, kapena onjezani chotchinga pang'ono |
| 5 | Chakudya ndi chakumwa chokhala ndi chotchinga chokwanira cha okosijeni | Chotchinga + mangani zigawo mbali zonse ziwiri |
| 6 | Matanki amafuta, amafunikira ntchito zolowera | Chotchinga + zomangira + regrind + kapangidwe |
Ngati chinthu chimodzi chikugwirizana kale ndi nthawi ya alumali yazinthu zanu, kukana kwa mankhwala, ndi zofunikira zomwe zikugwiritsidwanso ntchito, musalipire zigawo zomwe simungagwiritse ntchito. Mipikisano wosanjikiza ndi chida chamavuto enaake, osati kukweza pazofuna zake.
Zomwe zigawo zambiri zimafuna kuchokera pamakina
Izi ndi zomwe chithunzi chosanjikiza sichingakuuzeni: wosanjikiza aliyense amafunikira extruder yake kudyetsa mutu wa co-extrusion kufa. Tanki yamagulu asanu ndi limodzi imatha kutanthauza ma extruder asanu kapena asanu ndi limodzi ozungulira mutu umodzi, iliyonse imasungunula utomoni wosiyana pa kutentha kwake, iliyonse imayima ndendende kotero kuti wosanjikiza wake umakhala wokhuthala mozungulira kuzungulira tchalitchicho. Ndi makina osiyana kwambiri ndi mzere wa botolo lagawo limodzi.
wa KinggleKGH yopindika-mkono mndandandaimapangidwira ntchitoyi - 1 mpaka 6 zigawo pazitsulo kuchokera ku 5 mpaka 30 malita. Ziwerengero zomwe zili kumbuyo kwake ndi zenizeni: mphamvu yothina kuchokera ku 200 mpaka 300 kN kudutsa mtunda, HDPE imapanga pulasitiki mpaka 300 kg / h pa KGH30D, ndi mapulogalamu opangidwa ndi MOOG-wowundana ndi khoma. Kuwongolera makulidwe amenewo kumafunika kwambiri pamitundu yambiri kuposa imodzi, chifukwa muli ndi zigawo zingapo zoonda - kuphatikiza chotchinga chomwe chingakhale kachigawo kakang'ono ka millimeter - kuti mutchule nthawi yomweyo, kuzungulira gawolo. Chitani zolakwika ndipo chotchinga chanu chimawonda pamapewa, komwe ndi komwe simukufuna kusiyana.
Ndikoyeneranso kudziwa zomwe zili mkati mwadongosolo lowongolera, chifukwa magulu ambiri amakhala ndi moyo kapena amafa polumikizana bwino pakati pa extruders. Makina a Kinggle amayenda pazigawo zamafakitale - Mitsubishi PLC, MOOG servo control, OMRON ndi Schneider electrics - mtundu wa zida zomwe zimasunga ma extruder asanu pakusinthana kosinthika pambuyo pakusintha.
Zolakwa zinayi zomwe timawona ogula akuchita
- Kugula zigawo zomwe simukuzifuna.Ngati plain HDPE ikwaniritsa moyo wanu wa alumali ndi zolinga zobwezerezedwanso, makina osanjikiza asanu ndi limodzi ndi ndalama atakhala opanda ntchito. Fananizani zigawo ndi vuto lenileni.
- Kuyiwala zigawo zomangira mu bajeti.Ndiwo zigawo zenizeni komanso mtengo weniweni, ndipo kuwasiya ndi njira yachangu kwambiri yopita ku gawo lowonongeka. Awerengeni kuyambira pachiyambi.
- Kuyika chotchinga pamalo olakwika.EVOH pamtunda kapena pafupi, pomwe chinyezi chimafika pamenepo, imataya ntchito yomwe mudalipira. Imakhala m'malo otetezedwa.
- Kudumpha pakuwongolera makulidwe a khoma.Pakatchinga kopyapyala, kuletsa makulidwe mosasamala kumatanthauza mawanga opyapyala omwe amadontha. Apa sipamene mungasunge ndalama.
Ngati mukusankhabe pakati pa mitundu yamakina musanafike ku zigawo, kalozera wathuaccumulator vs makina opitilira kuwomberandi malo oyenera kuyamba, ndikuwomba akamaumba vs jekeseni akamaumbamwachidule chimakwirira ndondomeko kusankha mlingo umodzi mmwamba.
Mafunso omwe amafunsidwa pafupipafupi
Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa multilayer ndi co-extrusion blowulding?
Iwo akufotokoza chinthu chomwecho. Co-extrusion ndiyo njira - ma extruder angapo amasungunula utomoni wosiyana ndikudyetsa mutu umodzi womwe umagawidwa, womwe umawayika m'magulu okhazikika. Mipikisano wosanjikiza limafotokoza zotsatira - khoma chidebe chopangidwa ndi awiri kapena kuposa anasakaniza zigawo. Ngati khoma lili ndi zosanjikiza zambiri, linkalumikizidwa.
Chifukwa chiyani chotchinga cha EVOH chimakwiriridwa pakati m'malo mokhala pamwamba?
Zifukwa ziwiri. EVOH ndiyokwera mtengo, kotero mumagwiritsa ntchito pang'ono momwe mungathere - pachimake chopyapyala chimagwira ntchito yotchinga pomwe polyethylene yotsika mtengo imapanga zochuluka. Ndipo EVOH imatenga chinyezi, zomwe zimawononga zotchinga zake, choncho ziyenera kutetezedwa mbali zonse ndi zigawo zina. Kuika pamwamba kukanawononga ndi kuika pachinyezi.
Kodi ma tie layers ndi chiyani ndipo ndingawalumphe?
Zigawo zomangira ndi zomata zopyapyala zomata zomata zomwe zida zomangira zomwe sizingagwirizane - EVOH ndi nayiloni sizimalumikizana ndi polyethylene paokha. Alumpheni ndipo zigawozo zimasungunuka, ndikuzidula ngati laminate yolephera. Iwo sali osankha. Tanki yamafuta osanjikiza zisanu ndi chimodzi imakhala ndi zigawo zomangira pakati pamagulu onse osagwirizana, zomwe ndi chifukwa chake zimakhala ndi zigawo zisanu ndi chimodzi.
Kodi thanki yamafuta yapulasitiki imafunika zigawo zingati?
Nthawi zambiri sikisi. Chikhalidwe chodziwika bwino ndi mawonekedwe akunja a HDPE, regrind wosanjikiza, tayi wosanjikiza, chotchinga cha EVOH, tayi yachiwiri, ndi mkati mwa HDPE wosanjikiza. EVOH imayimitsa mpweya wa hydrocarbon kuti usalowe pakhoma, zigawo za tayi zimayiyika ku polyethylene, ndipo regrind wosanjikiza amagwiritsanso ntchito kupanga kupanga.
Kodi ndingayendetse zinthu zobwezerezedwanso mu chidebe chamitundu yambiri?
Inde, ndipo multilayer ndiyo njira yoyera kwambiri yochitira. Mumakwirira zinthu zobwezerezedwanso kapena za ogula (PCR) pakati ndikusunga utomoni wa namwali, wopatsa chakudya mkati ndi kunja. Zobwezerezedwanso sizikhudza chinthucho kapena kuwonetsa kunja, kotero mutha kugunda zomwe zasinthidwanso popanda kuyika pachiwopsezo.
Simukutsimikiza kuti mankhwala anu amafunikira zigawo zingati?
Tiuzeni zomwe chidebecho chiyenera kukhala ndi zomwe ziyenera kusunga kapena kutuluka - mpweya, mpweya, mpweya wamafuta, mankhwala owopsa, chandamale chobwezerezedwanso - ndipo mainjiniya athu adzakuwuzani kapangidwe kake ndi makina omwe amamanga. Takhala tikupanga makina opangira nkhonya kuyambira 2002, ndi mainjiniya 15 pagululo.
Funsani mainjiniya athu za kukhazikitsidwa kwamagawo angapo →Mipikisano wosanjikiza si fancier wosanjikiza umodzi - ndi chida chosiyana cha zinthu zomwe chinthu chimodzi sichingatumikire. Mukangodziwa zomwe gawo lililonse liyenera kuchita, funso limasiya kukhala "ndi zigawo zingati?" ndikukhala "kodi chidebechi chili ndi chiyani kuti chikhale ndi moyo?" Yankhani izo, ndipo dongosolo limadzisankha lokha. Sakatulani zonsekuwombera makina opangira makinapamene mwakonzeka kufananiza makina ndi izo.
